Techne as an art in rhetoric

Techne is often used as a term to further define the process of rhetoric as an art of persuasion. This is what we mean by bullshido, and it migh bear fruit to explore more deeply what others have thought on this topic.

In his writing Toward a Sophistic Definition of Rhetoric, rhetoric scholar Dr. John Poulakos explains how the Sophists believed rhetoric to be an art that aimed for terpis, or aesthetic pleasure, while maintaining a medium of logos.

For centuries, debate between sophists and Plato has ensued over whether rhetoric can be considered a form of art based on the different definitions of techne.[ <sub>Toward a Sophistic Definition of Rhetoric.

Contrasting from others, Isocrates saw rhetoric as an art—yet in the form of a set of rules, or a handbook. Some examples of handbooks are the ''Rhetoric of Aristotle (Rhetoric (Aristotle))'', the ''Rhetorica ad Alexandrum (Rhetoric to Alexander)'', and the ''De Inventione of Cicero (De Inventione)'', all composed of rules to write effective speeches.

On the other hand, it can be seen in David Roochnik’s book Of Art and Wisdom: Plato’s Understanding of Techne that Plato viewed techne as “a stable body of reliable knowledge able to tell us, in fixed terms readily teachable to others, how we ought to live.” He believed that moral knowledge is equivalent to a techne and that the meaning of the term techne must be fully grasped to understand the nature of moral knowledge.[ Of Art and Wisdom: Plato’s Understanding of Techne] - wikipedia

In ''Gorgias (Gorgias (dialogue))'', Plato wrote that rhetoric is not techne but a habit of a bold and ready wit. Plato continued saying rhetoric is not an art but an experience because it fails to explain the nature of its own application.

He compared it to cookery and medicine saying cookery pretends to know what is best for the body because it is pleasurable while medicine knows what is for the best of the health of the human body. Medicine is techne for it seeks what is best for the health of a person unlike cookery which is only for pleasure and fools a person into believing it is better for their health.pdf

Richard Parry writes Aristotle believed techne aims for good and forms an end, which could be the activity itself or a product formed from the activity. Aristotle used health as an example of an end that is produced from the techne of medicine. To make a distinction between techne and arete he said the value of techne is the end product while arete values choosing the action that promotes the best moral good.